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life, if he is not found guilty of some
great crime. He receives and pays all
the city cash, and with him are deposit-
ed all public securities, for which he
annually accounts to the proper auditors.
As he is therefore entrusted with very
considerable sums, he is obliged to give
security for his fidelity, at his entrance
into his office.
Chamberlain's Office, is kept in Guild-
hall, in a room on the right hand side
of the passage leading into the court of
King's bench, where this officer attends
every morning, to decide the differences
that arise between masters and apprentices,
to enrol and turn over the latter, and to ad-
mit all who are duly qualified, to the free-
dom of the city; of whom there are an-
nually admitted about fifteen hundred.
Chamber's street. 1. Goodman's Fields.†
2. Upper Shadwell.†
Chamber's wharf, near the Bridge yard.†
Champion lane, Thames street.†
Lord High Chancellor, the supreme and
sole judge in the court of Chancery,
where he is to judge according to equity
and conscience, and to moderate the ex-
act rigour and letter of the common law,
to which all other judges are strictly tied;
but his decrees may be reversed by the
house of Lords. This great officer, who is
assisted by the masters in Chancery, takes
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precedency after the Archbishop of Can-
terbury, and next to the King, and
Princes of the blood, is the highest person
in the kingdom in civil affairs. The Lord
High Chancellor is generally Keeper of
the great seal, and is thence stiled Lord
Keeper. See the article Lord Keeper.
Chancellor of the Exchequer. See the
article Exchequer.
Chancellor of St. Paul's, an officer an-
ciently called Magister Scholarum, from his
having the literature of the city commit-
ted to his care, by which he was impow-
ered to license all the schoolmasters in
London, except those of St. Martin's le
Grand, and Mary le Bow; but at pre-
sent he is only Secretary to the Chapter,
and has the third stall on the north side
of the choir.
Court of Chancery. In the opinion of
several learned men this court took its
name from the cross bars of iron or wood,
called by the Romans cancelli, with
which it was formerly inclosed, to pre-
vent the officers being incommoded by
the crowding of the people. The Chan-
cery consists of two courts, in one of
which the Lord Chancellor proceeds ac-
cording to the laws and statutes of the
kingdom, and in the second, according to
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HomeVolume IIPage Group 80 - 99
